P r a c t i s e These activities enable you to put into practice what you have learned in the unit. By doing these worksheets, you will improve your personal, social and learning to learn competence and digital competence. Ga l l e r y This section further develops your knowledge of technical drawing. Some additional information about the use of technical drawing in other areas is also included. In addition, you will also develop your personal, social and learning to learn competence and citizenship competence. Con t e n t The contents of the unit are introduced with examples that show you step-by-step how to draw geometric constructions. These pages are intended to develop your mathematical competence and competence in science, technology and engineering. C r e a t e These activities allow you to apply and to show what you have learned about the subject. By doing these worksheets, you will improve your entrepreneurship competence and cultural awareness and expression competence. Technical drawing III Technical drawing III is organised into seven units, which aim to develop technical drawing skills. Each unit contains the following sections: Technical Drawing III 43 6 L i n e a r p e r s p e c t i v e I Linear perspective is a representation technique for representing 3-D objects and spaces on a 2-D surface. Some of the characteristics of linear perspective are: • Objects that are the same size in reality appear to be larger or smaller than each other. Their size in the drawing depends on their distance from the viewer. • Some of the lines that are parallel in reality are not drawn in parallel. They converge at a point in the distance from the viewer. These are the elements of linear perspective: – Picture plane (PP): the plane parallel to the viewer. The drawing is made on this plane. – Ground plane (GP): the viewer and the objects to be represented are located on this plane. – Horizon plane (HP): the plane at the eye level of the viewer. It is perpendicular to the picture plane. – Horizon line (HL): the line of intersection between the horizon plane and the picture plane. – Ground line (GL): the line of intersection between the ground plane and the picture plane. – Viewpoint (V): the point from which the viewer is looking. – Principal point (P): this is the point of intersection of the horizon line and the perpendicular line to it that passes through the viewpoint. The principal point indicates the position of the viewer in relation to the picture plane. In frontal perspective, the principal point is the same as the vanishing point. – Vanishing point (VP): this is a point on the horizon line where all the parallel lines converge, as long as the direction of the lines is not parallel to the projection plane. GALLERY View of the Grote Houtstraat in Haarlem, Nicolaes Hals, 1655. Many artists use linear perspective in their paintings. Elements of linear perspective PP P HL HP V GL GP Object Viewer ES0000000135176 175050 CDNO_DIB_TEC_Nivel_III_DISENA_102758.indd 43 29/1/22 14:1345 Technical Drawing III 25 CREATE Design a building and draw its views. Add the dimensions and colour it. ES0000000135176 175050 CDNO_DIB_TEC_Nivel_III_DISENA_102758.indd 25 29/1/22 14:1408 Technical Drawing III 39 PRACTISE Construct the object that has an oblique plane whose vertices are A, B, C and D. B B B A A D D C C C A D ES0000000135176 175050 CDNO_DIB_TEC_Nivel_III_DISENA_102758.indd 39 29/1/22 14:1358 GALLERY View of the Grote Houtstraat in Haarlem, Nicolaes Hals, 1655. Many artists use linear perspective in their paintings. Listen to the audio files at santillana.es/clil
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