5 P R I M A R Y Natural Science ACTIVITY BOOK This material is a collective work, conceived, designed and created by the Editorial department at Santillana, under the supervision of Teresa Grence. WRITER Sheila Tourle ILLUSTRATORS Nature-Press Ángel Svoboda EDITORS Beatriz Bejarano Sara J. Checa Beatriz G. Hipólito Virginia R. Mitchell Patricia G. Rivera Ros Walford DIGITAL EDITORS Ismael Gómez Rocío Moreno EDITORIAL MANAGER María Antonia Oliva BILINGUAL PROJECT DIRECTOR Margarita España
We look after living things We protect our bones and muscles We care about matter We take care of our senses We keep healthy We share reliable information D O N E Contents 4 12 20 28 36 44 4 · Life processes 20 · Skeletal system 44 · Software 36 · Matter: mass and volume 12 · Sensitivity 28 · Health 6 · Cells 22 · Muscular system 46 · The storage of information 38 · Density 14 · The nervous system 30 · Diseases 8 · Levels of organisation 24 · Healthy skeletal and muscular systems 47 · Online platforms 40 · Air is matter 15 · Sight and hearing 31 · Medicine helps us 9 · The five kingdoms 33 · Prevent accidents 48 · Digital leisure 41 · Types of aircrafts 16 · Touch, smell and taste 32 · Disease prevention 10 · Review time 26 · Review time 50 · Review time 17 · A healthy nervous system 34 · Review time 18 · Review time 52 1 3 5 2 4 6 42 · Review time MY WORD BANK 49 · The threats of the digital world
What are the life processes? 1 CROSS OUT the wrong word in each sentence about nutrition. WRITE the correct word. a. Living things need sunlight to carry out movement. b. Herbivores eat both plants and other animals. c. Carnivores make their own food. d. Plants carry out movements to make their own food. We look after living things 1 2 C0MPLETE the text about the process of sensitivity. USE these words. sense organs detect plants environment respond movement Sensitivity is the process by which living things and respond to changes in their . Animals detect information through their and they respond with . cannot move about but they detect and to changes. 3 C0MPLETE the concept map about reproduction. give birth lay eggs REPRODUCTION SEXUAL ASEXUAL A B 4 · f o u r
What are living things made up of ? 4 MATCH to make sentences about cells. of more than one cell. through a microscope. of just one cell. the basic units of life. a. Cells are… b. We can only see cells… c. Multicellular living things are made up… d. Unicellular living things are made up… 6 READ and WRITE the part of the cell. a. It controls what happens in the cell. b. It is the liquid part of the cell. c. It is the thin and permeable skin of the cell. d. They are situated in the cytoplasm. 5 LABEL the parts of the cell. cytoplasm nucleus cell membrane organelles A C D B 1 f i v e · 5
What types of cells are there? 7 TICK the true sentences about cells. CORRECT the false ones. Cells are very small. Cells are all the same shape and size. Each type of animal cell carries out a specialised function in the body. Plant cells are usually smaller than animal cells. 9 READ and WRITE the type of animal cell. a. They are irregular in shape. b. They are flat and disc-shaped. c. They are quite large and almost spherical in shape. d. They are large and have many spider-like arms. e. They are very long. f. They have a brush-shaped end. 8 MATCH the cells to the correct picture. liver cell blood cells intestinal cell brain cell muscle cell bone cell A B C D E F 6 · s i x
10 READ the table about animal and plant cells. TICK. They have a regular shape. They have different shapes and sizes. They have a rigid cell wall around the membrane. They can be disc-shaped, star-shaped, etc. They have special organelles called chloroplasts. animal cells plant cells 12 C0MPLETE the text about plant cells. USE these words. membrane rigid chloroplasts chlorophyll regular Plant cells are usually bigger and they have a shape. They have a cell wall around the to strengthen the shape of the plant. Plant cells also have special organelles called . They contain to carry out photosynthesis. 1 1 LABEL the parts of these cells. cytoplasm cell wall nucleus cell membrane chloroplast organelle A B F C D E 1 s e v e n · 7
What are levels of organisation? 13 READ and WRITE the correct level of organisation. It is a group of similar cells with the same function. It is made up of several organs that work together to perform a common function. a. It is a group of various tissues that work together to perform a common function. e. b. It is the complete living thing. It is made up of all the organ systems. d. 14 LABEL the levels of organisation. c. It is a specialised unit with a unique structure. 15 TICK the true sentences about plants. CORRECT the false ones. Plants are unicellular living things. The shoot system of a plant includes organs such as leaves. Leaves have a variety of tissues that perform different functions. The muscle tissue covers each leaf. A B C D E 8 · e i g h t
How are living things classified? 16 READ the table about the kingdoms of living things. TICK. They are multicellular. They are unicellular. They are unicellular or multicellular. animals plants fungi protoctists bacteria 18 C0MPARE a fungus and a plant. fungus plant 17 READ and COMPLETE the table about the kingdoms. kingdom type of organism nutrition sensitivity animals feed on other living things can move about fungi unicellular or multicellular cannot move about unicellular feed on other living things aquatic plants multicellular cannot move about unicellular feed on other organisms can move about algae make their own food aquatic 1 n i n e · 9
Let’s read! Exploring tiny life forms In the past, scientists could only observe the world around them with the naked eye. However, around the year 1700, the Dutch scientist Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, changed science forever. He created his own microscope that was basically a powerful magnifying glass. It consisted of a tiny lens, almost the size of a pinhead, attached to a hole between two layers of brass, and a pin in which to place the sample. It was used by holding the lens close to the eye and looking at the sample. Van Leeuwenhoek discovered a new world, full of tiny creatures. He observed and drew pictures of cells and many microorganisms. He was the first person to observe blood cells, study fleas and other tiny invertebrates, and see single-celled algae and protozoa… But perhaps his most impressive achievement was that he discovered the smallest living things in existence: bacteria. For these reasons, he is known as the ‘Father of Microbiology’. R E V I E W T I M E ANSWER these questions. a. What did Van Leeuwenhoek create in 1700? b. Why was Van Leeuwenhoek’s invention so important? c. What type of living things did his invention allow him to observe? d. Why is Van Leeuwenhoek called the ‘Father of Microbiology’? WRITE the importance of microscopes in daily life. Microscopes are important in daily life because... 10 · t e n
Fun with vocabulary READ and COMPLETE the crossword. 1. Plants make their own food through this process. 2. They are animals that lay eggs. 3. It is the part of a cell that surrounds the membrane to strengthen the shape and structure of the plant. 4. It is a group of similar cells with the same function. 5. Living thing made up of just one cell. 6. Liquid part of a cell between the nucleus and the membrane. 7. They are aquatic organisms that make their own food. 8. Organelle that contains chlorophyll to carry out photosynthesis. 9. It is the complete living thing made up of all the organ systems. 10. It is a multicellular living thing that makes its own food and cannot move about. 4 F 8 F 10 F 7 F 6 F 1 I 2 I 3 I 5 I 9 I 1 e l e v e n · 11
ENGLISH MY LANGUAGE algae animal animal cell aquatic asexual reproduction bacteria blood cell bone cell brain cell cardiac muscle carnivore cell cell membrane cell wall chlorophyll chloroplast cytoplasm dermal tissue M Y WO R D B A N K · Unit 1 ENGLISH MY LANGUAGE disc-shaped energy environment function fungi herbivore intestinal cell invertebrate kingdom level of organisation life process liver cell living thing microscope mould movement multicellular muscle cell 52 · f i f t y - t w o
ENGLISH MY LANGUAGE muscle tissue mushroom nerve tissue nucleus nutrition omnivore organ organelle organism oviparous photosynthesis plant plant cell protoctist protozoa raw material reproduction seedless plant ENGLISH MY LANGUAGE seed plant sense organ sensitivity sexual reproduction shape shoot system size skeletal muscle smooth muscle spherical star-shaped structure system tissue unicellular vertebrate viviparous yeast f i f t y - t h r e e · 53
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy