5 P R I M A R Y Social Science ACTIVITY BOOK This material is a collective work, conceived, designed and created by the Editorial department at Santillana, under the supervision of Teresa Grence. WRITER Sheila Tourle EDITORS Beatriz Bejarano Sara J. Checa Beatriz G. Hipólito Virginia R. Mitchell Patricia G. Rivera Ros Walford DIGITAL EDITORS Ismael Gómez Rocío Moren EDITORIAL MANAGER María Antonia Oliva BILINGUAL PROJECT DIRECTOR Margarita España
MY WORD BANK D O N E Contents 52 We take care of the Earth 4 4 · The relief of Spain 5 · The archipelagos 6 · The coasts 7 · The rivers 10 · Review time 1 9 · Protected areas We fight against climate change 12 12 · Factors affecting climate 13 · Climates of Spain 14 · Mediterranean climate 15 · Oceanic climate 16 · Mountain climate 18 · Review time 2 17 · Subtropical climate We promote democracy 20 20 · Democracy 22 · Rights and responsibilities 23 · Institutions of Spain 24 · Territorial organisation 26 · Review time 3 25 · International organisations We respect everyone 28 28 · Population of Spain 30 · Migration 31 · The distribution of the population 32 · Job sectors 34 · Review time 4 We discover the Middle Ages 36 36 · The start of the Middle Ages 37 · Al-Ándalus and the Christian Kingdoms 38 · Life in al-Ándalus 5 39 · Life in the Christian Kingdoms 40 · The legacy of the Middle Ages 50 · Review time We explore the Modern Age 44 44 · The Age of Exploration 45 · Political and social changes 46 · The Spanish Empire 47 · The conquest of America 42 6 48 · The 18th century: a new dynasty 49 · The legacy of the Modern Age · Review time
What are the landforms in mainland Spain? 1 C0MPLETE the text. USE these words. depressions Meseta Central in plateau beyond surrounding The relief of the Península Ibérica is organised around the . This is a vast, high that covers the centre of the peninsula. There are two mountain ranges the Meseta Central, four mountain ranges it, five mountain ranges it and two main . We take care of the Earth 1 2 LABEL the mountain ranges. In the Meseta Central: Sistema Central Montes de Toledo Surrounding the Meseta: Montes de León Cordillera Cantábrica Sistema Ibérico Sierra Morena Beyond the Meseta: Macizo Galaico Montes Vascos Pirineos Sistema Costero-Catalán Sistemas Béticos M e d i t e r r a n e a n S e a C a nt a b r i a n S e a A T L A N T I C O C E A N 194477 _0 1_p04_h01_espana _f isico N S E O W 0 130 kilometres Scale 194477_01_p04_h01_leyenda_espana_ si ALTITUDE (in metres) More than 2,000 From 1,500 to 2,000 From 1,000 to 1,500 From 700 to 1,000 From 400 to 700 From 0 to 400 Major peaks Main rivers C D G H I J K F E A B 4 · f o u r
1 What is the relief of the Spanish archipelagos like? 3 C0MPLETE the concept maps about the Islas Canarias and the Islas Baleares. La Graciosa Mallorca Cabrera Fuerteventura Tenerife El Hierro 4 TICK the true sentences about the Spanish archipelagos. The Islas Baleares are located in the Atlantic Ocean. The Islas Canarias are of volcanic origin. Tenerife's main landforms are the Sierra de Tramuntana and the Pla. Lanzarote has the highest mountain peak in Spain, Teide volcano. Lanzarote and Fuerteventura are flatter then the other islands. A B C A C B D ISLAS CANARIAS ISLAS BALEARES f i v e · 5
La Palma Cabo Peñas Menorca Delta del Ebro Cabo de Palos Ría de Pontevedra Cabo Fisterra Estrecho de Gibraltar Punta de Estaca de Bares Cabo de Gata Cabo de Creus Golfo de Vizcaya a. The coast of the Islas Baleares b. The Cantabrian coast c. The Atlantic coast of Andalucía d. The coast of Galicia e. The coast of Región de Murcia f. The coast of Melilla g. The Mediterranean coast of Andalucía What are Spain's coasts like? 5 MATCH to make sentences about Spanish coasts. is irregular with many long inlets. has wide beaches. is rocky with high cliffs and small inlets. is high and rocky. has high, rocky areas and small coves. has beaches that alternate with cliffs. is low and sandy. 6 LABEL the features of Spanish coasts. ISLAS CANARIAS ISLAS BALEARES N S E W TYPES OF COAST Mediterranean coast Atlantic coast Cantabrian coast A T L A N T I C O C E A N C a n t a b r i a n S e a M e d i t e r r a n e a n S e a A D J B H E K C I F G L 6 · s i x
1 What are Spain's rivers like? 7 C0MPLETE the text about the rivers of Spain. USE these words. rains precipitation gullies long dry short Some rivers in Spain are short and others are long. In the archipelagos there are and torrents that only carry water when it . Rivers that flow through areas with high have an abundant flow. Rivers that flow through areas have a low flow. Rivers that start in mountains near the sea are . Rivers that start a long way from the sea are . A. D. G. B. E. H. C. F. I. 8 WRITE these rivers of Spain. A T L A N T I C O C E A N C a nt a b r i a n S e a M e d i t e r r a n e a n S e a 194521 _0 1_p07_h01_vertient es_espana N S E O W 0 130 kilometres Scale A H B D C E Duero F I G BASINS Cantabrian Mediterranean Atlantic 194477_01_p07_h01_leyenda_vertientes_espana River Ephemeral stream, torrent or gully s e v e n · 7
Spain's rivers 9 READ and MATCH. 1 1 C0MPARE these rivers that flow into the Mediterranean Sea. Ebro Júcar Length: Flow: Length: Flow: a. Most rivers are almost dry during the summer. b. They are short because they start near the coast. c. Most rivers are short with a low flow. d. The rivers of Galicia are short with an abundant flow. e. They have an abundant flow because it rains frequently. f. Most rivers are long with a lower flow in summer. Rivers that flow into the Mediterranean Sea Rivers that flow into the Cantabrian Sea Rivers that flow into the Atlantic Ocean 10 Which ocean or sea do these rivers flow into? C0L0UR. Mediterranean basin Atlantic basin Cantabrian basin Júcar Bidasoa Ebro Saja Miño Llobregat Nalón Tajo Guadiana Duero Segura Turia Guadalquivir 8 · e i g h t
1 How can we protect landscapes? 12 C0MPLETE the text about protecting landscapes. USE these words. create human recover harmful protect activities can damage landscapes. For this reason, authorities take steps to some areas. They protected areas of high ecological value. They damaged areas by removing waste, planting trees and purifying water. They prevent activities by carrying out studies. 13 TICK the true sentences. C0RRECT the false ones. The highest level of protection is nature reserve. In Spain there are currently 16 national parks. Doñana National Park is in the north of Spain. The Archipiélago de Cabrera is a marine protected area. a. Wetlands are flat areas of land b. Wetlands help to combat c. Wetlands suffer from d. Wetlands include e. There are restrictions on 14 MATCH to make sentences about wetlands. overexploitation and water pollution. water extraction, hunting or fishing. lagoons, deltas, marshes and lakes. covered by water permanently or at certain periods. climate change by capturing carbon and reducing greenhouse gases. n i n e · 9
EXPLAIN in your own words how litter ends up in the ocean. Let's read! Storm water: what is the problem? How does plastic end up in the ocean? The biggest source of ocean pollution is polluted storm water. But what is storm water? Storm water is any precipitation that falls from the sky, including rain, hail and snow. In natural landscapes without development, storm water is absorbed into the ground or falls into bodies of water. In cities and towns, the water cannot soak through the pavement, rooftops and concrete. When rain hits hard surfaces, like pavements, roads and buildings, it creates storm water run-off. This run-off picks up a lot of nasty pollutants before disappearing into the storm water drain. There is more storm water run-off in cities than in forests and fields. Pollutants include soil, leaves, dog excrements, cigarette ends, motor oil and plastics. Most storm water, and the pollution it has collected, empties directly into the rivers. This pollution is not treated or removed along its journey, so it eventually flows into the ocean. Pay attention and don't drop litter. It will end up in the oceans. R E V I E W T I M E READ these definitions and FIND the words in the text. a. Water produced after a heavy rainfall. b. Rainwater that is not absorbed by the ground. c. A path with a hard surface by the side of a road. d. Substances that pollute the environment. e. A type of oil used to lubricate the engine of a car. 10 · t e n
Fun with vocabulary L00K at the photos and UNSCRAMBLE the words. N M O I A T N U N R G A E N S R D O E S E I P W D E N A L T A B C H E G R L C O I P A A O C V E A V O O L C N D E F P E T A U L A L T I N E R N T R E O T G H I 1 e l e v e n · 11
M Y WO R D B A N K · Unit 1 52 · f i f t y - t w o ENGLISH MY LANGUAGE abundant altitude archipelago basin bay beach cape cliff climate climate change coast cove delta depression dry east ephemeral stream feature ENGLISH MY LANGUAGE flat flow greenhouse gas gulf gully high human activity inlet irregular island lagoon lake landform landscape location long long profile low
f i f t y - t h r e e · 53 ENGLISH MY LANGUAGE lower course marsh middle course mountain mountainous mountain range mouth national park ocean overexploitation peak plain plateau precipitation protected area relief relief map restriction ENGLISH MY LANGUAGE ria river rocky sandy sea sea level short source steep torrent tributary upper course vast volcanic volcano west wetland wide
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