1 23. Evolution of Spain's population pyramid Society is ageing rapidly Spanish society is ageing for two reasons: Spain has one of the highest life expectancies in the world: 83 years (86 for women and 81 for men). There is a ver y low birth rate. Spain is ageing rapidly. In 2020, elderly people accounted for 19.6 % of the total population, while those under 16 accounted for 15.4 %. This means that almost one in five people was 65 years old or over, whereas four decades ago it was one in ten . In 2050, one in three people are expected to be 65 or over. (23) The average age of the Spanish population is increasing. Currently it is over 44 years old. The autonomous community with the oldest population is the Principado de Asturias, with an average age of 48.3, followed by Castilla y León (47.5) and Galicia (47.2). España vacía, the most affected area The Spanish population is ver y unevenly distributed . The average density is 93 inhabitants/km2, but there are great differences between territories. Since the mid 20th centur y, a large part of the population from the interior of the peninsula, especially rural areas, has emigrated to places with a more dynamic economy, like Madrid , Barcelona , País Vasco and the eastern Mediterranean coast. In the provinces of Soria , Cuenca , Ávila and Teruel , more than half of the people who were born there have emigrated . This is why part of the interior of the peninsula is called España vacía. The young and adult populations continue to leave these areas, so the population is ageing. As a result of these migrator y movements, two areas can be distinguished according to population density : The Comunidad de Madrid, with 833 inhabitants/ km2, and the coastal areas, including Illes Balears, Canarias, Ceuta and Melilla , are densely populated. The autonomous communities of Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha, Extremadura and Aragón have ver y low population densities, under 30 inhabitants/km2. (24) 24. España vacía Identify Spain's demographic problems. Explain how foreign immigration influences the demographic structure of Spain. Describe the distribution of the population in Spain. K E Y Q U E S T I O N S 45 933943_02_p71_h01_piramide_poblacion 0 - 4 5 - 9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 80 - 84 75 - 79 85 and ove r % SOURCE: INE and UN, 2021. Y e a r 2 0 2 0 P r e d i c t i o n f o r t h e y e a r 2 0 5 0 Y e a r 2 0 2 0 P r e d i c t i o n f o r t h e y e a r 2 0 5 0 Ma l e p o p u l a t i o n F ema l e p o p u l a t i o n 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 P O R T U G A L F R A N C E M e d i ter r a n ean S e a A T L A N T I C O C E A N 959143_02_p71_Espana_vacia C a n t a b r i a n S e a AN D ORRA SO URCE : IN E , Mun i cipa l da ta, 2 0 21 . A L T A N T I C O C E A N Less than 10 Between 10 and 20 More than 20 959143_02_p71_leyenda_Espana_vacia Less than 10 Between 10 and 20 Population change between 1996 and 2020 (in %) More than 20 Loss of inhabitants: Increase in inhabitants:
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy