3.6. Publish the results. Laws and theories A f ter ana lysing the resu lts, we can conf i rm or reject a hy pothesis. Then we can establ ish a scient i f ic law. Theor ies a l low us to pred ict unk now n phenomena . They a re cont inuously rev iewed . A theor y is considered va l id unt i l there is a new d iscover y that contrad icts it . For science to advance, the resu lts of scient i f ic stud ies must be publ ished in a scient i f ic repor t or a r t icle w ith the fol low ing sect ions: The speed of an object in f ree fa l l is not a f fected by its mass, but it is a f fected by its shape. 6 Create a mathematica l formu la F = m ? a The mass of an object is the constant of propor tiona l it y. Ma ke a statement " The accelerat ion of an object is d i rect ly propor t iona l to the force appl ied to it ." Ways of ex pressing a scienti f ic law 1. Title Include the title of the work, the author’s name, the location of the research and the date. 4. Results Clearly show the results obtained. Use tables or graphs to show numerical data. 2. Introduction Briefly explain the reason for the research and what it intends to prove. 5. Analysis of the results Analyse the results to reach clear conclusions. 3. Methodology Indicate how the work was done, what experiments were done and what materials were used. Images or diagrams can be included. 6. Summary and conclusion Summarise the objective of the work. State the most important conclusions. 7. Bibliography List the articles, papers, books and other previously published materials that were consulted during the research. 3. Application of the scientific method A C T I V I T I E S Write the law that can be concluded from the graph: As a statement. As a mathematical formula. 14 What is the difference between a law and a hypothesis? And between a law and a theory? 13 Observe this graph. a (m/s2) F (N) 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 A scienti f ic law is the statement of a conf i rmed hy pothesis. A scient i f ic t heor y is a n ex pla nat ion t hat is ba sed on a ser ies of facts proven by scient i f ic laws. 18
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