5 Rivalry between Castilla and Portugal The rivalr y between Castilla and Portugal led the Reyes Católicos to ask the Pope to help mediate the conflict and decide who had rights over the new lands. Despite this, the two countries eventually came to an agreement without the Pope's help. Castilla and Portugal signed the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494. The Treaty established a line of division between the Castilian and Portuguese territories. This line would be along a meridian around 2,000 km west of Cape Verde. The lands to the west of the meridian were to belong to Castilla , and the lands to the east of the meridian to Portugal . This meant that most of the Americas were left to Castilla . Portugal would have Africa and Asia as well as Brazil , which they reached years after the treaty. The discoveries led to the creation of two great overseas empires, the Spanish and the Portuguese, and the beginning of European dominance throughout the world . As a result of the expeditions, a great deal was learnt about the new territories around the world . Many new species of plants and animals were discovered . 16. Map and timeline of the main expeditions of Castilla Compare Colón and Magallanes' missions. Which mission proved the Earth was round? How? Analyse. Why did Colón ask Portugal to fund his mission first? Was his expedition risky? Why do you think Castilla paid for it? Explain when and why the Treaty of Tordesillas was signed. What did the treaty establish? Reflect. Would you describe this era as the era of exploration? Explain your answer. K E Y Q U E S T I O N S 508877_09_p231_leyenda_expediciones_castellanas_GEODOS SOURCE: ENRIQUE MARTÍNEZ RUIZ et al., Atlas histórico, Edad Moderna. AZTEC EMPIRE MAYAN CIVILISATION INCA EMPIRE Estrecho de Magallanes Cape of Good Hope Islamic World Moluccas Ceylon Calicut Porto Seguro Macau CHINESE EMPIRE CIPANGO (JAPAN) Philippines Elcano (1522) Magallanes (1520-1521) Islas Canarias Cape Verde Is. 312659_05_p249_expediciones_castellanas Gulf of Guinea Congo Equator Tropic of Capricorn Tropic of Cancer Prime Meridian PACIFIC OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN ATLANTIC OCEAN Guanahaní (San Salvador) Colón’s rst voyage 1492-1493 Magallanes and Elcano’s voyage 1519-1522 1493-1496 Colón’s second voyage 1498-1500 Colón’s third voyage 1499 Alonso de OjedaAmérico Vespucio 1502-1504 Colón’s fourth voyage 1519-1522 Magallanes and Elcano’s voyage 1492-1493 Colón’s rst voyage THE MA I N EXPED I T I ONS OF CAST I L LA 1513 Núñez de Balboa discovers the Paci c Ocea 312659_05_p246_LT_castellanos 135
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