Essential knowledge Unit . Technology and the geographic study of the Earth • What is planet Earth like? • How we represent the Earth • Maps: reality in miniature • Geographic coordinates: the exact position of a point Unit . How the Earth’s relief affects populations • What is relief? • The formation of relief: folds and faults • The formation of relief: volcanoes and earthquakes • How does relief change? • The effect of human activities on relief Unit . The challenge of climate change in Spain and Andalucía • The atmosphere is essential for life on Earth • Air pollution • The Earth’s temperatures • What causes precipitation? • What are atmospheric pressure and wind? • The challenges of climate change • Climate challenges in Spain • Climate and climate change in Andalucía Unit . The sustainable use of Earth’s waters • The importance of water on our planet • Sea water • Rivers • Other continental waters Unit . How the Earth’s landscapes affect people • What is a landscape? • Equatorial landscapes • Tropical landscapes • Desert landscapes • Oceanic landscapes • Mediterranean landscapes • Continental landscapes • Cold landscapes Unit . The physical environment of the continents • The relief of Europe • The waters of Europe • The climates and landscapes of Europe • Africa • America • Asia • Oceania and Antarctica Unit . Spain and Andalucía: preserving the natural environment • The relief of Spain • The wealth and fragility of Spain’s coasts • The waters of Spain • The diversity of natural landscapes • The physical environment of Andalucía • Protecting the coasts of Andalucía • Looking after Andalucía’s waters • The natural landscapes of Andalucía Unit . Prehistory: the origin of humanity • What is Prehistory? • What was life like in the Palaeolithic Age? • Was the Neolithic Age a revolution? • What changes happened in the Metal Ages? • When did people first create art? • The Spanish and Andalusian territory in Prehistory Unit . The birth of writing. Early civilisations • River valley civilisations • The history of Mesopotamia • What was life like in Mesopotamia? • The history of Ancient Egypt • The pharaoh’s government • Egyptian people and ways of life • Egyptian divinities and temples • Life after death Unit . Ancient Greek civilisation. The origin of democracy • The origins of Greek civilisation • The Archaic period. The first poleis • The Classical period. Athens and Sparta • The Hellenistic period. Alexander the Great • Greek society and economy • Beliefs in Ancient Greece • Greek sculpture and pottery • Greek knowledge Unit . Roman civilisation. A great empire • The origins of Rome • From the Monarchy to the Republic • Expansion and crisis in the Republic • The Empire and Pax Romana • Economic activities and the environment • A passion for urban planning • Roman sculpture, painting and mosaics • Roman beliefs: from polytheism to Christianity Unit . Pre-Roman and Roman Hispania. A cultural mosaic • Pre-Roman peoples: the Iberians • Pre-Roman peoples: the Celts • The colonisers: Phoenicians, Greeks and Carthaginians • The Roman conquest of Hispania • Society and economy in Hispania • Hispania, a Romanised province • Roman Baetica Geography and History SECONDARY 2
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